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Soviet Union referendum, 1991
A referendum on the future of the Soviet Union was held on 17 March 1991. The question put to voters was
Do you consider necessary the preservation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as a renewed federation of equal sovereign republics in which the rights and freedom of an individual of any nationality will be fully guaranteed?〔Nohlen, D, Grotz, F & Hartmann, C (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p492 ISBN 0-19-924958-X〕
In Kazakhstan the wording of the referendum was changed by substituting "equal sovereign states" for "equal sovereign republics."〔
Although the vote was boycotted by the authorities in Armenia, Estonia, Georgia (though not the breakaway province of Abkhazia, where the result was over 98% in favour,〔Duffy-Toft, M (2003) (The geography of ethnic violence: identity, interests, and the indivisibility of territory ) p98〕 and in South Ossetia),〔 (Chronicle of the Georgian-Ossetian conflict (1988-2008) )〕 Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova (though not Transnistria or Gagauzia),〔(Historical Overview of the PMR (Transnistria, Transdniestr, Transdnestr, Pridnestrovie) )〕 turnout was 80% across the USSR.〔(Referendum of March 1991 ) Russian History Encyclopedia on Answers.com〕 The referendum's question was approved by nearly 70% of voters in all nine other republics that took part.〔(Understanding the Cold War: A Historian's Personal Reflections ) by Adam Bruno Ulam, Leopolis Press, 2000, ISBN 0-9679960-0-7 (page 353)〕 It was the first, and only, referendum in the history of the Soviet Union, which was dissolved on 26 December 1991.〔(Russia and the World Economy: Problems of Integration ) by Alan H. Smith, Routledge, 1993, ISBN 0-415-08925-5 (page 1)〕〔(Referendum on the preservation of the USSR ), RIA Novosti (2011)〕
==Results==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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